Water processes

Water related processes, in very basic terms, include physical, chemical and biological interactions. These interactions can be looked at from a variety of different ways depending on the topic or scale of interest. Hydrology is the science dealing with the properties, distribution and circulation of water.

Wetland types can be categorised by the quantity and quality of water, how long wetlands are filled with water, and how often water inundates or flows through the wetland.

Each system and type of wetland, and the plants and animals that depend on them, have evolved to suit the natural range of water regimes and conditions.

Quick facts

Tea coloured

or tannin stained lakes such as Brown Lake on Stradbroke Island or Lake Cootharaba on the Sunshine Coast get their colour from the decomposing tea tree and melaleuca leaves that fall into them.

Water moving across and under the landscape into and through a variety of different wetlands has a major influence on everything from the shape of the Earth's surface to the variety of different wetland types and even the species that live within them. The water cycle enables the availability of water for all living organisms and regulates weather patterns.

Water travelling across the surface of the landscape is called surface water. Surface water may infiltrate the ground and recharge aquifers where it may then be used by groundwater dependent ecosystems.

Changes in water regime or frequency and timing of the period in which a soil is waterlogged may impact spawning, migration and species composition of the wetland and associated systems[1].

High flows, e.g. may allow for wetland connectivity including the exchange of nutrients, detritus and passage of aquatic life between systems.

Additional Information

For more detail on specific processes related to water, see the links below.

Deposition and Sedimentation

Erosion

Evaporation

Flooding

Groundwater discharge and recharge

Oxidation and reduction

Precipitation (including rainfall), runoff and infiltration

Stratification

River processes

Understanding coastal erosion on beaches

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References

1. ^ Marjut, T & Gannon, R, Wetlands Functions (or Processes) and Values. [online], North Carolina State University. Available at: https://www.ncwetlands.org/learn/functions-benefits/ [Accessed 26 September 2012].

Last updated: 20 December 2013